diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/CatalogCommitCoordinator.swift b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/CatalogCommitCoordinator.swift
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..479bd392
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/CatalogCommitCoordinator.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+import Combine
+import Foundation
+
+/// 已提交目录的内存快照（issue #40）：协调器与运行时缝之间的传值。运行时
+/// 收敛以此为唯一目标，不回读磁盘；磁盘仍是重启与跨进程恢复的权威来源。
+struct CommittedCatalogSnapshot: Equatable, Sendable {
+  let catalog: ConfigurationCatalog
+  let subscriptions: [SubscriptionRecord]
+}
+
+/// 目录提交后一次运行时收敛的结构化结果（issue #40）。协调器不生成本地化
+/// 文案：失败细节原样携带平台运行时给出的点名事实，由上层 presentation 决定
+/// 如何呈现。
+enum RuntimeSyncOutcome: Equatable, Sendable {
+  /// 代理未开启：活动目标已按提交快照重校验，未部署。
+  case revalidated
+  /// 运行时已向提交快照收敛（部署已执行且启动健康通过）。
+  case converged(skippedServers: [SkippedServer])
+  /// 部署已执行但运行时未收敛；细节为平台运行时的点名事实（nil 表示等待
+  /// 用户在系统设置批准等无额外细节的终态）。
+  case failed(detail: String?)
+  /// 活动目标失效：目标已清除且代理已停止（无静默回退）。
+  case clearedAndStopped(ActivationFailure)
+}
+
+/// 运行时收敛的可观察阶段（issue #40）：目录已提交 → 运行时同步中 → 结束。
+/// generation 为提交代次；被更新提交取代的旧代次不写最终状态。
+enum RuntimeSyncStatus: Equatable {
+  /// 无进行中或已完成的同步（无活动目标时提交保持此状态）。
+  case idle
+  /// 正在向该代次提交快照收敛。
+  case syncing(generation: Int)
+  /// 该代次收敛已结束。
+  case finished(generation: Int, outcome: RuntimeSyncOutcome)
+}
+
+/// 运行时同步缝（issue #40）：目录提交协调器与代理运行时之间的窄接口。
+/// 生产实现适配现有代理运行时控制器；测试注入确定性 fake。
+@MainActor
+protocol CatalogRuntimeSyncing: AnyObject {
+  /// 当前是否存在活动目标（无目标时目录提交不驱动运行时）。
+  var hasActiveTarget: Bool { get }
+  /// 让运行时向刚提交的目录快照收敛。健康检查、LaunchAgent 与端点启动的
+  /// 耗时属于本调用的异步收敛阶段。
+  func converge(to snapshot: CommittedCatalogSnapshot) async -> RuntimeSyncOutcome
+}
+
+/// 目录提交—运行时同步协调器（issue #40）：普通配置变更的唯一提交入口。
+/// 管线为「副本变更 → 校验并原子持久化 → 发布已提交状态 → 异步运行时收敛」；
+/// 目录提交在持久化成功后立即完成，不因运行时失败回滚目录，也不被健康检查
+/// 或启动耗时阻塞。每次提交递增代次：旧代次自然结束，但不得覆盖最新代次的
+/// 最终状态；没有自动重试，后续提交、显式激活或启动代理会发起新的同步尝试。
+@MainActor
+final class CatalogCommitCoordinator: ObservableObject {
+  /// 最新提交的运行时收敛阶段（结构化；呈现由上层决定）。
+  @Published private(set) var syncStatus: RuntimeSyncStatus = .idle
+
+  let fileStore: CatalogFileStore
+  private let runtime: CatalogRuntimeSyncing
+  /// 提交代次：每次提交递增，用于丢弃被更新提交取代的旧同步结果。
+  private var generation = 0
+
+  /// 已提交状态（协调器持有的内存快照；`commit` 成功后整体替换）。
+  private(set) var committedCatalog: ConfigurationCatalog
+  private(set) var committedSubscriptions: [SubscriptionRecord]
+
+  init(fileStore: CatalogFileStore, runtime: CatalogRuntimeSyncing) {
+    self.fileStore = fileStore
+    self.runtime = runtime
+    (committedCatalog, committedSubscriptions) = Self.loadCommitted(from: fileStore)
+  }
+
+  /// 普通目录变更的唯一提交管线。任一同步步骤失败则已提交状态不动并原样
+  /// 上抛（凭据等外部副作用由调用方回滚）；运行时收敛在持久化成功后异步开始。
+  func commit<T>(
+    _ mutate: (inout ConfigurationCatalog, inout [SubscriptionRecord]) throws -> T
+  ) throws -> T {
+    var workingCatalog = committedCatalog
+    var workingSubscriptions = committedSubscriptions
+    let result = try mutate(&workingCatalog, &workingSubscriptions)
+    try fileStore.save(
+      CatalogDocument(catalog: workingCatalog, subscriptions: workingSubscriptions))
+    committedCatalog = workingCatalog
+    committedSubscriptions = workingSubscriptions
+    scheduleRuntimeSync(
+      CommittedCatalogSnapshot(catalog: workingCatalog, subscriptions: workingSubscriptions))
+    return result
+  }
+
+  /// Legacy 导入等独立路径直接落盘后对齐已提交状态；不触发运行时收敛
+  /// （导入的运行时边界由独立路径自行驱动，不经普通提交管线）。
+  func reloadCommittedStateFromStore() {
+    (committedCatalog, committedSubscriptions) = Self.loadCommitted(from: fileStore)
+  }
+
+  /// 异步收敛调度：无活动目标不调用运行时；同步开始前与结束后都以代次
+  /// 校验——被更新提交取代的旧同步直接结束或丢弃结果，不覆盖最新状态。
+  private func scheduleRuntimeSync(_ snapshot: CommittedCatalogSnapshot) {
+    generation += 1
+    let generation = generation
+    guard runtime.hasActiveTarget else {
+      syncStatus = .idle
+      return
+    }
+    syncStatus = .syncing(generation: generation)
+    Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
+      guard let self, self.generation == generation else { return }
+      let outcome = await self.runtime.converge(to: snapshot)
+      guard !Task.isCancelled, self.generation == generation else { return }
+      self.syncStatus = .finished(generation: generation, outcome: outcome)
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// 磁盘读取的容错口径与首次加载一致：损坏文档回退全新空文档，等待
+  /// 用户经由导入/设置路径修复。
+  private static func loadCommitted(
+    from fileStore: CatalogFileStore
+  ) -> (catalog: ConfigurationCatalog, subscriptions: [SubscriptionRecord]) {
+    let loaded = (try? fileStore.load()) ?? CatalogDocument()
+    return (loaded.catalog, loaded.subscriptions)
+  }
+}
+
+/// 生产运行时适配器（issue #40）：协调器与现有代理运行时控制器之间的唯一
+/// 生产接线，由应用组合根建立。
+@MainActor
+final class ProxyRuntimeSyncAdapter: CatalogRuntimeSyncing {
+  private let controller: ProxyRuntimeController
+
+  init(controller: ProxyRuntimeController) {
+    self.controller = controller
+  }
+
+  var hasActiveTarget: Bool { controller.isActiveTargetPresent }
+
+  func converge(to snapshot: CommittedCatalogSnapshot) async -> RuntimeSyncOutcome {
+    await controller.catalogDidCommit(snapshot: snapshot.catalog)
+  }
+}
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/CatalogViewModel+Subscriptions.swift b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/CatalogViewModel+Subscriptions.swift
index 785ba972..a9a0f22f 100644
--- a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/CatalogViewModel+Subscriptions.swift
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/CatalogViewModel+Subscriptions.swift
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ import Foundation
 /// 订阅生命周期（spec #21 D4，issue #35）：粘贴 HTTPS URL 创建、单个/全部
 /// 立即更新、编辑 URL（保留身份）、删除（递归清除）。刷新 = 完整获取、解析、
 /// 校验后同文档原子提交快照与刷新状态；任何失败保留最后成功快照、活动目标与
-/// 运行状态，仅标记来源失败。每次提交都触发 postCommit
-/// 重展开（订阅子树变更 → 活动目标原子跟随或清除停止）。
+/// 运行状态，仅标记来源失败。每次提交都经目录提交协调器异步触发运行时收敛
+/// （issue #40；订阅子树变更 → 活动目标原子跟随或清除停止）。
 extension CatalogViewModel {
   /// 创建订阅：校验 HTTPS URL → 落订阅记录与空固定分组 → 立即首次刷新。
   /// 首次刷新失败留空分组加错误态（状态在刷新内标记，创建本身总是成功）。
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ extension CatalogViewModel {
       urlRef: .fresh(),
       status: .never)
     try credentials.save(url.absoluteString, for: record.urlRef)
-    try await commitDocument { catalog, subscriptions in
+    try commitDocument { catalog, subscriptions in
       // 固定分组挂在目录根（CONTEXT.md「Subscription group」）；名称以 host
       // 兜底，首次成功刷新后跟随远端。
       try catalog.addGroup(url.host ?? "", source: .subscription, id: record.groupID)
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ extension CatalogViewModel {
       throw SubscriptionFormError.notFound
     }
     var removedEntries: [CatalogEntry] = []
-    try await commitDocument { catalog, subscriptions in
+    try commitDocument { catalog, subscriptions in
       removedEntries = try catalog.removeSubscriptionSubtree(of: record.groupID)
       subscriptions.removeAll { $0.id == id }
     }
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ extension CatalogViewModel {
     var removedServers: [CatalogEntry] = []
     var credentialJournal = CredentialWriteJournal(credentials: credentials)
     do {
-      try await commitDocument { catalog, subscriptions in
+      try commitDocument { catalog, subscriptions in
         // 凭据引用按节点身份复用：延续节点覆盖写秘密，不新增孤儿引用；
         // journal 保证快照提交失败时恢复旧秘密。
         var reusedRefs: [NodeID: ServerCredentialRefs] = [:]
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ extension CatalogViewModel {
   }
 
   private func markRefreshFailed(subscriptionID: NodeID, reason: String) async {
-    try? await commitDocument { _, subscriptions in
+    try? commitDocument { _, subscriptions in
       if let index = subscriptions.firstIndex(where: { $0.id == subscriptionID }) {
         subscriptions[index].status = .failed(at: Date(), reason: reason)
       }
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/CatalogViewModel.swift b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/CatalogViewModel.swift
index 538a1404..846f72bf 100644
--- a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/CatalogViewModel.swift
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/CatalogViewModel.swift
@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ import SwiftUI
 
 /// 主窗口视图模型（issue #32/#35）：把 ConfigurationCatalog 领域语义接到树
 /// 操作、详情表单、添加三入口、分享与订阅生命周期。所有变更走「副本变更 →
-/// 落盘 → 发布 → postCommit 重展开」，失败即整体不变更；凭据读写只在模型层
-/// 出现。
+/// 落盘 → 发布」，失败即整体不变更；凭据读写只在模型层出现。提交管线、
+/// 运行时收敛与并发代次由注入的 `CatalogCommitCoordinator` 负责（issue #40），
+/// 本类在迁移期间保留为兼容 facade，向现有 SwiftUI 调用方提供已发布状态。
 @MainActor
 final class CatalogViewModel: ObservableObject {
   @Published private(set) var catalog: ConfigurationCatalog
@@ -21,29 +22,32 @@ final class CatalogViewModel: ObservableObject {
   @Published private(set) var legacyImportReport: LegacyImportReport?
   private var discoveredLegacySnapshot: LegacySnapshot?
 
+  /// 提交管线与运行时收敛的唯一入口（组合根注入，issue #40）。
+  let coordinator: CatalogCommitCoordinator
   private let fileStore: CatalogFileStore
   /// 订阅扩展（CatalogViewModel+Subscriptions）同样经此读写凭据。
   let credentials: CredentialStoring
   private let plugins: ManagedPluginProviding
   /// 订阅获取缝（默认 URLSession 实现；测试注入夹具，issue #35）。
   var subscriptionFetcher: SubscriptionFetching
-  /// 目录提交后的运行时重展开（生产接线 `ProxyRuntimeController.catalogDidCommit`）。
-  var postCommit: (() async -> Void)?
-  /// Legacy 导入提交后的运行时边界（生产接线为不写系统代理的停止/重载）。
-  var postLegacyImport: ((LegacyImportOutcome) async -> Void)?
+  /// Legacy 导入提交后的运行时边界（组合根一次性接线；独立于普通提交管线）。
+  private let postLegacyImport: ((LegacyImportOutcome) async -> Void)?
   private let legacyImportService: LegacyImportService
 
   init(
-    fileStore: CatalogFileStore = CatalogFileStore(fileURL: CatalogFileStore.defaultFileURL()),
+    coordinator: CatalogCommitCoordinator,
     credentials: CredentialStoring = KeychainCredentialStore(),
     plugins: ManagedPluginProviding = BundleManagedPluginProvider(),
     subscriptionFetcher: SubscriptionFetching = HTTPSSubscriptionFetcher(),
-    legacyImportService: LegacyImportService? = nil
+    legacyImportService: LegacyImportService? = nil,
+    postLegacyImport: ((LegacyImportOutcome) async -> Void)? = nil
   ) {
-    self.fileStore = fileStore
+    self.coordinator = coordinator
+    fileStore = coordinator.fileStore
     self.credentials = credentials
     self.plugins = plugins
     self.subscriptionFetcher = subscriptionFetcher
+    self.postLegacyImport = postLegacyImport
     self.legacyImportService =
       legacyImportService
       ?? LegacyImportService(
@@ -52,9 +56,8 @@ final class CatalogViewModel: ObservableObject {
         activationStore: ActivationStateFileStore(
           fileURL: ActivationStateFileStore.defaultFileURL()),
         credentials: credentials)
-    let loaded = (try? fileStore.load()) ?? CatalogDocument()
-    catalog = loaded.catalog
-    subscriptions = loaded.subscriptions
+    catalog = coordinator.committedCatalog
+    subscriptions = coordinator.committedSubscriptions
     refreshLegacyImportState()
   }
 
@@ -87,9 +90,9 @@ final class CatalogViewModel: ObservableObject {
       snapshot = current
     }
     let outcome = try legacyImportService.importSnapshot(snapshot, reimport: reimport)
-    let loaded = try fileStore.load()
-    catalog = loaded.catalog
-    subscriptions = loaded.subscriptions
+    coordinator.reloadCommittedStateFromStore()
+    catalog = coordinator.committedCatalog
+    subscriptions = coordinator.committedSubscriptions
     legacyImportReport = outcome.report
     refreshLegacyImportState()
     await postLegacyImport?(outcome)
@@ -140,7 +143,7 @@ final class CatalogViewModel: ObservableObject {
     }
     guard !prepared.isEmpty else { return (0, failures) }
     do {
-      try await commit { catalog in
+      try commit { catalog in
         for item in prepared {
           try catalog.addServer(item.fields, to: parent)
         }
@@ -158,7 +161,7 @@ final class CatalogViewModel: ObservableObject {
   func addGroup(named name: String, into parent: NodeID?) async throws -> NodeID {
     let trimmed = name.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
     guard !trimmed.isEmpty else { throw ServerFormError.emptyName }
-    return try await commit { catalog in
+    return try commit { catalog in
       try catalog.addGroup(trimmed, to: parent)
     }
   }
@@ -166,21 +169,21 @@ final class CatalogViewModel: ObservableObject {
   func renameGroup(_ id: NodeID, to name: String) async throws {
     let trimmed = name.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
     guard !trimmed.isEmpty else { throw ServerFormError.emptyName }
-    try await commit { catalog in
+    try commit { catalog in
       try catalog.renameGroup(id, to: trimmed)
     }
   }
 
   /// 拖拽/移动菜单落点。跨来源、成环、移动进自身由领域拒绝，原样上抛呈现。
   func move(_ id: NodeID, to parent: NodeID?) async throws {
-    try await commit { catalog in
+    try commit { catalog in
       try catalog.move(id, to: parent)
     }
   }
 
   /// 删除（手动分组递归删整棵子树），并尽力清理被删节点的 Keychain 秘密。
   func remove(_ id: NodeID) async throws {
-    let removed: [CatalogEntry] = try await commit { catalog in
+    let removed: [CatalogEntry] = try commit { catalog in
       try catalog.remove(id)
     }
     if let selection = selectedNodeID, removed.contains(where: { $0.id == selection }) {
@@ -215,7 +218,7 @@ final class CatalogViewModel: ObservableObject {
       throw ServerFormError.unsupportedEncryptionMethod(trimmedMethod)
     }
     guard !password.isEmpty else { throw ServerFormError.invalidPassword }
-    try await commit { catalog in
+    try commit { catalog in
       guard let entry = catalog.entry(for: id), case .server(var fields) = entry.kind else {
         throw CatalogError.notAServer(id)
       }
@@ -312,28 +315,23 @@ final class CatalogViewModel: ObservableObject {
 
   // MARK: - 提交管线
 
-  /// 副本变更 → 落盘 → 发布 → postCommit；任一步失败则已发布状态不动。
+  /// 仅目录变更的提交便捷入口（订阅扩展使用双参 `commitDocument`）。
   private func commit<T>(
     _ mutate: (inout ConfigurationCatalog) throws -> T
-  ) async throws -> T {
-    try await commitDocument { catalog, _ in
+  ) throws -> T {
+    try commitDocument { catalog, _ in
       try mutate(&catalog)
     }
   }
 
-  /// 目录 + 订阅记录同文档提交（订阅刷新/创建/删除共用）：任一步失败则已
-  /// 发布状态不动，成功才依次发布并触发运行时重展开。
+  /// 副本变更 → 协调器落盘 → 发布已提交状态；任一步失败则已发布状态不动。
+  /// 运行时收敛由协调器异步调度（issue #40），不阻塞也不回滚本提交。
   func commitDocument<T>(
     _ mutate: (inout ConfigurationCatalog, inout [SubscriptionRecord]) throws -> T
-  ) async throws -> T {
-    var workingCatalog = catalog
-    var workingSubscriptions = subscriptions
-    let result = try mutate(&workingCatalog, &workingSubscriptions)
-    try fileStore.save(
-      CatalogDocument(catalog: workingCatalog, subscriptions: workingSubscriptions))
-    catalog = workingCatalog
-    subscriptions = workingSubscriptions
-    await postCommit?()
+  ) throws -> T {
+    let result = try coordinator.commit(mutate)
+    catalog = coordinator.committedCatalog
+    subscriptions = coordinator.committedSubscriptions
     return result
   }
 
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/MainApp.swift b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/MainApp.swift
index 06249566..ec9e9433 100644
--- a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/MainApp.swift
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/MainApp.swift
@@ -4,20 +4,32 @@ import SwiftUI
 struct ShadowsocksXNG2App: App {
   @NSApplicationDelegateAdaptor(AppDelegate.self) private var appDelegate
   @StateObject private var proxyController: ProxyRuntimeController
-  @StateObject private var catalogViewModel = CatalogViewModel()
+  @StateObject private var catalogViewModel: CatalogViewModel
   @StateObject private var loginController: LaunchAtLoginController
 
   init() {
     let settingsStore = ProxySettingsFileStore()
     let restoredSettings = ProxySettingsFileStore.restored(store: settingsStore)
-    _proxyController = StateObject(
-      wrappedValue: ProxyRuntimeController(
-        listenRestore: RestoredListenSettings(
-          settings: restoredSettings.settings.listen, unreadableError: nil),
-        settingsStore: settingsStore,
-        settingsRestore: restoredSettings))
+    let controller = ProxyRuntimeController(
+      listenRestore: RestoredListenSettings(
+        settings: restoredSettings.settings.listen, unreadableError: nil),
+      settingsStore: settingsStore,
+      settingsRestore: restoredSettings)
+    _proxyController = StateObject(wrappedValue: controller)
     let loginController = LaunchAtLoginController()
     _loginController = StateObject(wrappedValue: loginController)
+    // 组合根（issue #40）：目录提交协调器与生产运行时适配器只在此接线一次，
+    // 各 scene 不再重复设置提交回调；Legacy 导入边界同为一次性注入。
+    let coordinator = CatalogCommitCoordinator(
+      fileStore: CatalogFileStore(fileURL: CatalogFileStore.defaultFileURL()),
+      runtime: ProxyRuntimeSyncAdapter(controller: controller))
+    _catalogViewModel = StateObject(
+      wrappedValue: CatalogViewModel(
+        coordinator: coordinator,
+        postLegacyImport: { outcome in
+          await controller.legacyImportDidCommit()
+          loginController.applyImportedValue(outcome.loginAtLogin)
+        }))
     Task { @MainActor in
       loginController.syncAtLaunch()
     }
@@ -30,17 +42,8 @@ struct ShadowsocksXNG2App: App {
     MenuBarExtra("ShadowsocksX-NG 2.0", systemImage: "network") {
       ProxyStatusMenu(controller: proxyController, catalogViewModel: catalogViewModel)
         .task {
-          // postCommit 在应用启动即接线（不只主窗口打开时）：菜单栏「立即更新
-          // 全部订阅」（issue #35）等未开窗路径的目录提交同样立即重展开运行时。
-          let controller = proxyController
-          catalogViewModel.postCommit = { await controller.catalogDidCommit() }
-          let loginController = loginController
-          catalogViewModel.postLegacyImport = { outcome in
-            await controller.legacyImportDidCommit()
-            loginController.applyImportedValue(outcome.loginAtLogin)
-          }
           // 全局快捷键（issue #31）：开关代理、切换模式，与菜单项同一入口。
-          GlobalShortcuts.wire(controller: controller)
+          GlobalShortcuts.wire(controller: proxyController)
           await proxyController.resyncOnLaunch()
         }
     }
@@ -51,16 +54,6 @@ struct ShadowsocksXNG2App: App {
         viewModel: catalogViewModel, proxyController: proxyController,
         eventStore: .shared
       )
-      .task {
-        // 目录提交 → 代理运行时立即重展开（spec #21 D3「已提交编辑立即跟随」）。
-        let controller = proxyController
-        catalogViewModel.postCommit = { await controller.catalogDidCommit() }
-        let loginController = loginController
-        catalogViewModel.postLegacyImport = { outcome in
-          await controller.legacyImportDidCommit()
-          loginController.applyImportedValue(outcome.loginAtLogin)
-        }
-      }
     }
     .defaultLaunchBehavior(
       catalogViewModel.shouldOfferLegacyImport ? .automatic : .suppressed)
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/ProxyRuntimeController.swift b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/ProxyRuntimeController.swift
index cdde5f39..cad4180a 100644
--- a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/ProxyRuntimeController.swift
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/ProxyRuntimeController.swift
@@ -231,22 +231,6 @@ final class ProxyRuntimeController: ObservableObject {
     await presentLaunchHealth(document)
   }
 
-  /// 目录已提交变更后的立即重展开（D3/D5）：有效非空且代理开启 → 原子更新
-  /// 运行时；目标失效 → 清除目标并停止代理。目录以磁盘为事实来源重载。
-  func catalogDidCommit() async {
-    reloadCatalog()
-    switch reexpand() {
-    case .deployed(let configuration):
-      if state != .off {
-        await deploy(configuration.document)
-      }
-    case .clearedAndStopped(let failure):
-      await handleCleared(failure)
-    case nil:
-      break
-    }
-  }
-
   /// GUI 启动重同步（D5「GUI 下次启动重新校验同步」）：注册态是代理意图的
   /// 事实来源——注册过即视为开启并重校验；随后与磁盘契约对齐（相同内容跳
   /// 过写入）。GUI 崩溃期间 agent 与 wrapper 均不受影响。
@@ -433,6 +417,44 @@ final class ProxyRuntimeController: ObservableObject {
 }
 
 extension ProxyRuntimeController {
+  /// 目录提交协调器的生产适配入口（issue #40）：以刚提交的内存快照重展开，
+  /// 不回读磁盘（磁盘仍是重启与跨进程恢复的权威来源）。有效非空且代理开启
+  /// → 原子更新运行时；目标失效 → 清除目标并停止代理。返回结构化收敛结果，
+  /// 健康检查耗时属于本调用的异步收敛阶段，不改变「目录已提交」的事实。
+  func catalogDidCommit(snapshot catalog: ConfigurationCatalog) async -> RuntimeSyncOutcome {
+    self.catalog = catalog
+    switch reexpand() {
+    case .deployed(let configuration):
+      guard state != .off else {
+        return .revalidated
+      }
+      await deploy(configuration.document)
+      return Self.syncOutcome(for: state, skippedServers: configuration.skippedServers)
+    case .clearedAndStopped(let failure):
+      await handleCleared(failure)
+      return .clearedAndStopped(failure)
+    case nil:
+      return .revalidated
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// 部署后的控制器状态 → 结构化收敛结果：健康通过（含防火墙受阻的运行态）
+  /// 视为已收敛；启动、服务、系统代理与激活拒绝都视为未收敛并携带点名细节。
+  private static func syncOutcome(
+    for state: ProxyState, skippedServers: [SkippedServer]
+  ) -> RuntimeSyncOutcome {
+    switch state {
+    case .running, .firewallBlocked:
+      .converged(skippedServers: skippedServers)
+    case .launchFailed(let detail), .serviceFailed(let detail), .systemProxyFailed(let detail):
+      .failed(detail: detail)
+    case .activationFailed(let reason):
+      .failed(detail: reason)
+    case .requiresApproval, .off, .starting:
+      .failed(detail: nil)
+    }
+  }
+
   /// Persists a fully validated settings snapshot and, when the proxy is
   /// active, re-derives the same runtime path with the new snapshot.
   func updateSettings(_ next: ProxySettings) async throws {
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/CatalogCommitCoordinatorTests.swift b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/CatalogCommitCoordinatorTests.swift
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d860cf08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/CatalogCommitCoordinatorTests.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+import XCTest
+
+@testable import ShadowsocksX_NG2
+
+/// 确定性运行时同步替身（issue #40 测试缝）：记录 converge 快照与次序，
+/// 可编程每次结果；门闩让同步在收敛中挂起，用于验证提交代次语义。
+@MainActor
+final class FakeCatalogRuntime: CatalogRuntimeSyncing {
+  var hasActiveTarget = false
+  /// 未编程结果时的默认返回。
+  var defaultOutcome: RuntimeSyncOutcome = .converged(skippedServers: [])
+  private var outcomeQueue: [RuntimeSyncOutcome] = []
+  private(set) var convergeSnapshots: [CommittedCatalogSnapshot] = []
+
+  /// 门闩：武装后接下来的 converge 在记录调用后挂起，直到 openGate。
+  private var armedGateCount = 0
+  private var gateWaiters: [CheckedContinuation<Void, Never>] = []
+
+  var convergeCount: Int { convergeSnapshots.count }
+
+  /// 预编程按次序返回的结果（耗尽后回退 `defaultOutcome`）。
+  func enqueueOutcomes(_ outcomes: [RuntimeSyncOutcome]) {
+    outcomeQueue.append(contentsOf: outcomes)
+  }
+
+  func armGate(count: Int = 1) {
+    armedGateCount = count
+  }
+
+  func openGate() {
+    armedGateCount = 0
+    gateWaiters.forEach { $0.resume() }
+    gateWaiters.removeAll()
+  }
+
+  func converge(to snapshot: CommittedCatalogSnapshot) async -> RuntimeSyncOutcome {
+    convergeSnapshots.append(snapshot)
+    let result = outcomeQueue.isEmpty ? defaultOutcome : outcomeQueue.removeFirst()
+    if armedGateCount > 0 {
+      armedGateCount -= 1
+      await withCheckedContinuation { gateWaiters.append($0) }
+    }
+    return result
+  }
+}
+
+/// 让出 MainActor 直到条件成立（被测同步任务在同一线程上排队执行）。供
+/// 协调器与视图模型测试共享：提交后的运行时收敛不再内联等待（issue #40）。
+@MainActor
+func waitUntilRuntimeSettles(
+  _ condition: @autoclosure () -> Bool,
+  timeout: TimeInterval = 2,
+  file: StaticString = #filePath,
+  line: UInt = #line
+) async {
+  let deadline = Date().addingTimeInterval(timeout)
+  while !condition() && Date() < deadline {
+    await Task.yield()
+  }
+  XCTAssertTrue(condition(), "等待条件超时", file: file, line: line)
+}
+
+/// 目录提交—运行时同步协调器（issue #40）：只断言外部行为——持久化与发布、
+/// 运行时是否被调用及使用的快照、阶段与失败结果、并发提交的最终赢家、无效
+/// 活动目标的停止语义。全部走临时目录文件存储，不触碰真实运行时。
+@MainActor
+final class CatalogCommitCoordinatorTests: XCTestCase {
+  private var workDir: URL!
+  private var fileURL: URL!
+  private var runtime: FakeCatalogRuntime!
+  private var coordinator: CatalogCommitCoordinator!
+
+  override func setUp() async throws {
+    try await super.setUp()
+    // 专用工作目录：写入器会把父目录强制 0700（不得指向临时根）。
+    workDir = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+      .appendingPathComponent("catalog-commit-tests-\(UUID().uuidString)", isDirectory: true)
+    try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: workDir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+    fileURL = workDir.appendingPathComponent("catalog.json")
+    runtime = FakeCatalogRuntime()
+    coordinator = makeCoordinator()
+  }
+
+  override func tearDown() async throws {
+    try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: workDir)
+    try await super.tearDown()
+  }
+
+  private func makeCoordinator() -> CatalogCommitCoordinator {
+    CatalogCommitCoordinator(fileStore: CatalogFileStore(fileURL: fileURL), runtime: runtime)
+  }
+
+  /// 预置目录后重建协调器（模拟已落盘的既有状态）。
+  private func seedCatalog(_ mutate: (inout ConfigurationCatalog) throws -> Void) throws {
+    var catalog = ConfigurationCatalog()
+    try mutate(&catalog)
+    try CatalogFileStore(fileURL: fileURL).save(CatalogDocument(catalog: catalog))
+    coordinator = makeCoordinator()
+  }
+
+  private func persistedCatalog() throws -> ConfigurationCatalog {
+    try CatalogFileStore(fileURL: fileURL).load().catalog
+  }
+
+  // MARK: - 无活动目标
+
+  func testCommitWithoutActiveTargetPersistsAndPublishesWithoutRuntimeCall() throws {
+    runtime.hasActiveTarget = false
+
+    let added = try coordinator.commit { catalog, _ in
+      try catalog.addTestServer("香港 01")
+    }
+
+    XCTAssertTrue(coordinator.committedCatalog.contains(added), "提交后已发布新状态")
+    XCTAssertEqual(try persistedCatalog().rootChildren, [added], "变更已原子持久化")
+    XCTAssertEqual(runtime.convergeCount, 0, "无活动目标不驱动运行时")
+    XCTAssertEqual(coordinator.syncStatus, .idle)
+  }
+
+  // MARK: - 活动目标提交
+
+  func testCommitWithActiveServerTargetConvergesToCommittedSnapshot() async throws {
+    try seedCatalog { try $0.addTestServer("已有节点") }
+    runtime.hasActiveTarget = true
+
+    let added = try coordinator.commit { catalog, _ in
+      try catalog.addTestServer("新节点")
+    }
+
+    await waitUntilRuntimeSettles(runtime.convergeCount == 1)
+    XCTAssertEqual(runtime.convergeCount, 1, "一次提交恰好一次同步")
+    let snapshot = try XCTUnwrap(runtime.convergeSnapshots.first)
+    XCTAssertTrue(snapshot.catalog.contains(added), "同步使用刚提交的内存快照")
+    XCTAssertEqual(snapshot.subscriptions, [])
+    XCTAssertEqual(
+      coordinator.syncStatus,
+      .finished(generation: 1, outcome: .converged(skippedServers: [])))
+  }
+
+  func testCommitWithActiveGroupTargetUsesSamePipeline() async throws {
+    try seedCatalog { catalog in
+      let group = try catalog.addGroup("手动组")
+      _ = try catalog.addTestServer("成员", to: group)
+    }
+    runtime.hasActiveTarget = true
+    let groupID = try XCTUnwrap(coordinator.committedCatalog.rootChildren.first)
+
+    _ = try coordinator.commit { catalog, _ in
+      try catalog.addTestServer("新成员", to: groupID)
+    }
+
+    await waitUntilRuntimeSettles(runtime.convergeCount == 1)
+    XCTAssertEqual(runtime.convergeCount, 1, "分组目标与服务器目标共用同一提交语义")
+    let snapshot = try XCTUnwrap(runtime.convergeSnapshots.first)
+    let group = try XCTUnwrap(snapshot.catalog.entry(for: groupID))
+    guard case .group(let fields) = group.kind else {
+      return XCTFail("快照中的目标应为分组")
+    }
+    XCTAssertEqual(fields.children.count, 2, "同步快照携带刚提交的新子树")
+  }
+
+  func testMoveRemoveAndRenameShareCommitSemantics() async throws {
+    try seedCatalog { catalog in
+      let group = try catalog.addGroup("组")
+      _ = try catalog.addTestServer("成员", to: group)
+    }
+    runtime.hasActiveTarget = true
+    let groupID = try XCTUnwrap(coordinator.committedCatalog.rootChildren.first)
+    let serverID = try XCTUnwrap(coordinator.committedCatalog.children(of: groupID).first)
+
+    try coordinator.commit { catalog, _ in try catalog.move(serverID, to: nil) }
+    await waitUntilRuntimeSettles(runtime.convergeCount == 1)
+    try coordinator.commit { catalog, _ in try catalog.renameGroup(groupID, to: "改名") }
+    await waitUntilRuntimeSettles(runtime.convergeCount == 2)
+    try coordinator.commit { catalog, _ in try catalog.remove(serverID) }
+    await waitUntilRuntimeSettles(runtime.convergeCount == 3)
+
+    XCTAssertEqual(runtime.convergeCount, 3, "移动、改名、删除各触发一次同步")
+    XCTAssertEqual(
+      coordinator.syncStatus,
+      .finished(generation: 3, outcome: .converged(skippedServers: [])),
+      "最新代次的收敛结果是最终状态")
+  }
+
+  // MARK: - 无效活动目标
+
+  func testRemovedActiveTargetClearsAndStopsWithoutSilentFallback() async throws {
+    try seedCatalog { try $0.addTestServer("活动节点") }
+    let targetID = try XCTUnwrap(coordinator.committedCatalog.rootChildren.first)
+    runtime.hasActiveTarget = true
+    runtime.enqueueOutcomes([.clearedAndStopped(.targetNotFound(targetID))])
+
+    try coordinator.commit { catalog, _ in try catalog.remove(targetID) }
+
+    await waitUntilRuntimeSettles(coordinator.syncStatus != .syncing(generation: 1))
+    XCTAssertEqual(runtime.convergeCount, 1)
+    XCTAssertEqual(
+      coordinator.syncStatus,
+      .finished(generation: 1, outcome: .clearedAndStopped(.targetNotFound(targetID))),
+      "清除停止以结构化结果呈现")
+    XCTAssertFalse(try persistedCatalog().contains(targetID), "运行时失败不回滚目录")
+  }
+
+  // MARK: - 目录与运行时结果区分
+
+  func testRuntimeFailureKeepsCommittedCatalogAndDistinguishesResult() async throws {
+    runtime.hasActiveTarget = true
+    runtime.defaultOutcome = .failed(detail: "agent register failed")
+
+    let added = try coordinator.commit { catalog, _ in
+      try catalog.addTestServer("香港 01")
+    }
+
+    await waitUntilRuntimeSettles(coordinator.syncStatus != .syncing(generation: 1))
+    XCTAssertTrue(try persistedCatalog().contains(added), "运行时失败不回滚已提交目录")
+    XCTAssertEqual(
+      coordinator.syncStatus,
+      .finished(generation: 1, outcome: .failed(detail: "agent register failed")),
+      "结果明确区分目录已提交与运行时未收敛")
+  }
+
+  // MARK: - 提交代次
+
+  func testSupersededSyncBeforeStartNeverCallsRuntime() async throws {
+    runtime.hasActiveTarget = true
+
+    try coordinator.commit { catalog, _ in try catalog.addTestServer("第一台") }
+    try coordinator.commit { catalog, _ in try catalog.addTestServer("第二台") }
+    // 同一 MainActor 回合内的两次提交：旧代次同步尚未启动即被取代。
+    await waitUntilRuntimeSettles(runtime.convergeCount == 1)
+
+    XCTAssertEqual(runtime.convergeCount, 1, "被取代的旧代次不触碰运行时")
+    let snapshot = try XCTUnwrap(runtime.convergeSnapshots.first)
+    XCTAssertEqual(snapshot.catalog.rootChildren.count, 2, "最终同步采用最新提交快照")
+    XCTAssertEqual(
+      coordinator.syncStatus,
+      .finished(generation: 2, outcome: .converged(skippedServers: [])))
+  }
+
+  func testDelayedSyncCannotOverrideLatestSnapshotOrResult() async throws {
+    runtime.hasActiveTarget = true
+    runtime.enqueueOutcomes([
+      .converged(skippedServers: []),
+      .failed(detail: "最新代次的失败结果"),
+    ])
+    runtime.armGate()
+
+    try coordinator.commit { catalog, _ in try catalog.addTestServer("第一台") }
+    await waitUntilRuntimeSettles(runtime.convergeCount == 1)
+
+    try coordinator.commit { catalog, _ in try catalog.addTestServer("第二台") }
+    runtime.openGate()
+    await waitUntilRuntimeSettles(runtime.convergeCount == 2)
+    await waitUntilRuntimeSettles(coordinator.syncStatus != .syncing(generation: 2))
+
+    XCTAssertEqual(runtime.convergeCount, 2)
+    XCTAssertEqual(
+      runtime.convergeSnapshots[1].catalog.rootChildren.count, 2, "最新代次使用最新快照")
+    XCTAssertEqual(
+      coordinator.syncStatus,
+      .finished(generation: 2, outcome: .failed(detail: "最新代次的失败结果")),
+      "迟到的旧代次结果不得覆盖最新代次")
+  }
+
+  // MARK: - 独立路径对齐
+
+  func testReloadCommittedStateAdoptsExternalWritesWithoutRuntimeCall() throws {
+    runtime.hasActiveTarget = true
+
+    // Legacy 导入等独立路径绕过协调器直接落盘（订阅固定分组须在目录内）。
+    var external = ConfigurationCatalog()
+    let groupID = NodeID(rawValue: "import:group")
+    try external.addGroup("导入订阅组", source: .subscription, id: groupID)
+    try CatalogFileStore(fileURL: fileURL).save(
+      CatalogDocument(
+        catalog: external,
+        subscriptions: [
+          SubscriptionRecord(id: .fresh(), groupID: groupID, urlRef: .fresh(), status: .never)
+        ]))
+
+    coordinator.reloadCommittedStateFromStore()
+
+    XCTAssertEqual(coordinator.committedCatalog.rootChildren, [groupID], "已提交状态对齐磁盘")
+    XCTAssertEqual(coordinator.committedSubscriptions.count, 1)
+    XCTAssertEqual(runtime.convergeCount, 0, "对齐不触发运行时收敛")
+  }
+}
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/CatalogViewModelPluginTests.swift b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/CatalogViewModelPluginTests.swift
index 5c5b9889..2f8059e3 100644
--- a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/CatalogViewModelPluginTests.swift
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/CatalogViewModelPluginTests.swift
@@ -43,12 +43,11 @@ final class CatalogViewModelPluginTests: XCTestCase {
   }
 
   private func makeViewModel() -> CatalogViewModel {
-    let model = CatalogViewModel(
-      fileStore: CatalogFileStore(fileURL: fileURL),
+    CatalogViewModel(
+      coordinator: CatalogCommitCoordinator(
+        fileStore: CatalogFileStore(fileURL: fileURL), runtime: FakeCatalogRuntime()),
       credentials: credentials,
       plugins: BundleManagedPluginProvider(bundleURL: bundleRoot))
-    model.postCommit = {}
-    return model
   }
 
   /// 直建目录（不经 URI 导入）后重载视图模型，返回该服务器身份。
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/CatalogViewModelSubscriptionTests.swift b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/CatalogViewModelSubscriptionTests.swift
index ccf47f29..6c61e154 100644
--- a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/CatalogViewModelSubscriptionTests.swift
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/CatalogViewModelSubscriptionTests.swift
@@ -3,16 +3,17 @@ import XCTest
 @testable import ShadowsocksX_NG2
 
 /// 订阅端到端语义（issue #35 验收）：创建门禁、刷新失败保留快照、overlay 与
-/// 身份连续性、URL 编辑保身份、删除递归清除、UI 数据面与 postCommit 接线。
-/// 获取走 FakeSubscriptionFetcher（传输侧契约在 SubscriptionFetcherTests）。
+/// 身份连续性、URL 编辑保身份、删除递归清除、UI 数据面与提交接线。
+/// 获取走 FakeSubscriptionFetcher（传输侧契约在 SubscriptionFetcherTests）；
+/// 提交后的运行时收敛以确定性 fake 计数（issue #40）。
 @MainActor
 final class CatalogViewModelSubscriptionTests: XCTestCase {
   private var workDir: URL!
   private var fileURL: URL!
   private var credentials: InMemoryCredentialStore!
   private var fetcher: FakeSubscriptionFetcher!
+  private var runtime: FakeCatalogRuntime!
   private var viewModel: CatalogViewModel!
-  private var commitCounter: CommitCounter!
 
   override func setUp() async throws {
     try await super.setUp()
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ final class CatalogViewModelSubscriptionTests: XCTestCase {
     try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: workDir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
     fileURL = workDir.appendingPathComponent("catalog.json")
     credentials = InMemoryCredentialStore()
-    commitCounter = CommitCounter()
+    runtime = FakeCatalogRuntime()
     fetcher = FakeSubscriptionFetcher(behavior: .success(SubscriptionDocs.flat(serverCount: 1)))
     viewModel = makeViewModel()
   }
@@ -32,13 +33,15 @@ final class CatalogViewModelSubscriptionTests: XCTestCase {
   }
 
   private func makeViewModel() -> CatalogViewModel {
+    // 计数即提交计数：提交后的运行时收敛由协调器异步调度（issue #40）。
+    runtime.hasActiveTarget = true
+    let coordinator = CatalogCommitCoordinator(
+      fileStore: CatalogFileStore(fileURL: fileURL), runtime: runtime)
     let model = CatalogViewModel(
-      fileStore: CatalogFileStore(fileURL: fileURL),
+      coordinator: coordinator,
       credentials: credentials,
       plugins: NoManagedPluginProvider())
     model.subscriptionFetcher = fetcher!
-    let counter = commitCounter!
-    model.postCommit = { await counter.increment() }
     return model
   }
 
@@ -123,7 +126,7 @@ final class CatalogViewModelSubscriptionTests: XCTestCase {
     fetcher = FakeSubscriptionFetcher(behavior: .success(treeDoc))
     viewModel = makeViewModel()
     let record = try await viewModel.createSubscription(urlString: "https://p.example.com/s.json")
-    let commitsBefore = await commitCounter.count
+    let convergesBefore = runtime.convergeCount
 
     fetcher = FakeSubscriptionFetcher(behavior: .failure(.httpStatus(code: 503)))
     viewModel.subscriptionFetcher = fetcher
@@ -139,8 +142,8 @@ final class CatalogViewModelSubscriptionTests: XCTestCase {
     }
     XCTAssertTrue(reason.contains("503"))
     // 仅状态提交了一次（快照未动）。
-    let commitsAfter = await commitCounter.count
-    XCTAssertEqual(commitsAfter - commitsBefore, 1)
+    await waitUntilRuntimeSettles(runtime.convergeCount - convergesBefore == 1)
+    XCTAssertEqual(runtime.convergeCount - convergesBefore, 1)
   }
 
   func testDecodeAndSchemaFailuresMarkFailedWithoutTouchingSnapshot() async throws {
@@ -301,7 +304,7 @@ final class CatalogViewModelSubscriptionTests: XCTestCase {
     let record = try await seedSuccessfulSubscription()
     viewModel.selectedNodeID = serverAID
     let passwordRef = try XCTUnwrap(serverFields(of: serverAID)).passwordRef
-    let commitsBefore = await commitCounter.count
+    let convergesBefore = runtime.convergeCount
 
     try await viewModel.removeSubscription(record.id)
 
@@ -312,8 +315,8 @@ final class CatalogViewModelSubscriptionTests: XCTestCase {
     XCTAssertNil(viewModel.selectedNodeID, "选中节点随子树清除")
     XCTAssertNil(try credentials.secret(for: passwordRef), "远端成员凭据一并清理")
     XCTAssertNil(try credentials.secret(for: record.urlRef), "订阅 URL 凭据一并清理")
-    let commitsAfter = await commitCounter.count
-    XCTAssertEqual(commitsAfter - commitsBefore, 1, "删除经 postCommit 触发活动目标重展开接线")
+    await waitUntilRuntimeSettles(runtime.convergeCount - convergesBefore == 1)
+    XCTAssertEqual(runtime.convergeCount - convergesBefore, 1, "删除经提交协调器触发活动目标重展开")
   }
 
   // MARK: 批量刷新与持久化
@@ -322,7 +325,7 @@ final class CatalogViewModelSubscriptionTests: XCTestCase {
     _ = try await seedSuccessfulSubscription()
     _ = try await createOnly(urlString: "https://q.example.com/t.json")
     let requestsBefore = fetcher.requestCount
-    let commitsBefore = await commitCounter.count
+    let convergesBefore = runtime.convergeCount
 
     await viewModel.refreshAllSubscriptions()
 
@@ -332,15 +335,16 @@ final class CatalogViewModelSubscriptionTests: XCTestCase {
         return XCTFail("全部订阅都应记成功态：\(record.id)")
       }
     }
-    let commitsAfter = await commitCounter.count
-    XCTAssertEqual(commitsAfter - commitsBefore, 2)
+    await waitUntilRuntimeSettles(runtime.convergeCount - convergesBefore == 2)
+    XCTAssertEqual(runtime.convergeCount - convergesBefore, 2)
   }
 
   func testSubscriptionsPersistAcrossViewModelReload() async throws {
     let record = try await seedSuccessfulSubscription()
 
     let reloaded = CatalogViewModel(
-      fileStore: CatalogFileStore(fileURL: fileURL),
+      coordinator: CatalogCommitCoordinator(
+        fileStore: CatalogFileStore(fileURL: fileURL), runtime: FakeCatalogRuntime()),
       credentials: credentials,
       plugins: NoManagedPluginProvider())
     XCTAssertEqual(reloaded.subscriptions.count, 1)
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/CatalogViewModelTests.swift b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/CatalogViewModelTests.swift
index cd21f33e..8318049a 100644
--- a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/CatalogViewModelTests.swift
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/CatalogViewModelTests.swift
@@ -3,14 +3,15 @@ import XCTest
 @testable import ShadowsocksX_NG2
 
 /// 主窗口视图模型（issue #32）：三入口导入、凭据生命周期、订阅子树只读夹具、
-/// 分享互逆与 postCommit 接线。全部走内存凭据存储与临时目录文件存储。
+/// 分享互逆与提交接线。全部走内存凭据存储与临时目录文件存储；提交后的运行
+/// 时收敛以确定性 fake 计数（issue #40）。
 @MainActor
 final class CatalogViewModelTests: XCTestCase {
   private var workDir: URL!
   private var fileURL: URL!
   private var credentials: InMemoryCredentialStore!
+  private var runtime: FakeCatalogRuntime!
   private var viewModel: CatalogViewModel!
-  private var commitCounter: CommitCounter!
 
   override func setUp() async throws {
     try await super.setUp()
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ final class CatalogViewModelTests: XCTestCase {
     try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: workDir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
     fileURL = workDir.appendingPathComponent("catalog.json")
     credentials = InMemoryCredentialStore()
-    commitCounter = CommitCounter()
+    runtime = FakeCatalogRuntime()
     viewModel = makeViewModel()
   }
 
@@ -30,13 +31,14 @@ final class CatalogViewModelTests: XCTestCase {
   }
 
   private func makeViewModel() -> CatalogViewModel {
-    let model = CatalogViewModel(
-      fileStore: CatalogFileStore(fileURL: fileURL),
+    // 计数即提交计数：提交后的运行时收敛由协调器异步调度（issue #40）。
+    runtime.hasActiveTarget = true
+    let coordinator = CatalogCommitCoordinator(
+      fileStore: CatalogFileStore(fileURL: fileURL), runtime: runtime)
+    return CatalogViewModel(
+      coordinator: coordinator,
       credentials: credentials,
       plugins: NoManagedPluginProvider())
-    let counter = commitCounter!
-    model.postCommit = { await counter.increment() }
-    return model
   }
 
   private func makeSubscriptionCatalog() throws {
@@ -137,8 +139,14 @@ final class CatalogViewModelTests: XCTestCase {
     XCTAssertEqual(fields.remark, "改过的")
     XCTAssertEqual(fields.passwordRef, oldRef, "同一引用始终对应最新秘密")
     XCTAssertEqual(try credentials.secret(for: oldRef), "新密码")
-    let commitCount = await commitCounter.count
-    XCTAssertEqual(commitCount, 2, "导入 + 更新各一次提交")
+    // 连续提交合并为最新代次的收敛（issue #40）：旧代次在启动前被取代，
+    // 最终结果必为最新提交快照。
+    await waitUntilRuntimeSettles(viewModel.coordinator.syncStatus != .syncing(generation: 2))
+    XCTAssertEqual(
+      viewModel.coordinator.syncStatus,
+      .finished(generation: 2, outcome: .converged(skippedServers: [])))
+    XCTAssertFalse(runtime.convergeSnapshots.isEmpty)
+    XCTAssertEqual(runtime.convergeSnapshots.last?.catalog, viewModel.catalog)
   }
 
   func testUpdateServerRejectsInvalidAddressAndPort() async throws {
@@ -251,12 +259,6 @@ final class CatalogViewModelTests: XCTestCase {
   }
 }
 
-/// postCommit 触发计数。
-actor CommitCounter {
-  private(set) var count = 0
-  func increment() { count += 1 }
-}
-
 /// `XCTAssertThrowsError` 的 async 版本（表达式在 await 之后才能检查）。
 func expectThrowsAsync(
   _ expression: () async throws -> Void,
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/ProxyRuntimeControllerTests.swift b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/ProxyRuntimeControllerTests.swift
index 4054f1e5..192a3632 100644
--- a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/ProxyRuntimeControllerTests.swift
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/ProxyRuntimeControllerTests.swift
@@ -336,7 +336,9 @@ final class ProxyRuntimeControllerTests: XCTestCase {
     try catalog.updateServer(seeded.server, with: fields)
     try CatalogFileStore(fileURL: catalogFileURL).save(CatalogDocument(catalog: catalog))
 
-    await controller.catalogDidCommit()
+    // 协调器生产适配入口（issue #40）：以刚提交的内存快照重展开。
+    let committed = try CatalogFileStore(fileURL: catalogFileURL).load().catalog
+    await controller.catalogDidCommit(snapshot: committed)
 
     XCTAssertEqual(controller.state, .running)
     let expectedRemark = "新加坡 01"
@@ -359,7 +361,9 @@ final class ProxyRuntimeControllerTests: XCTestCase {
     try catalog.remove(seeded.server)
     try CatalogFileStore(fileURL: catalogFileURL).save(CatalogDocument(catalog: catalog))
 
-    await controller.catalogDidCommit()
+    // 协调器生产适配入口（issue #40）：以刚提交的内存快照重展开。
+    let committed = try CatalogFileStore(fileURL: catalogFileURL).load().catalog
+    await controller.catalogDidCommit(snapshot: committed)
 
     guard case .activationFailed = controller.state else {
       XCTFail("应呈现点名原因，实际 \(controller.state)")