diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 5bc9e1b1..8620db90 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -96,6 +96,8 @@ ShadowsocksX-NG2/DerivedData/
 ####
 # NG2 generated build files (project.yml is the source of truth; run `xcodegen generate`)
 ShadowsocksX-NG2/*.xcodeproj
+# 本机签名身份（DEVELOPMENT_TEAM），构建期由 Configs/Signing.xcconfig 可选包含
+ShadowsocksX-NG2/Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig
 ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/Resources/Info.plist
 ShadowsocksX-NG2/App/Resources/ShadowsocksX-NG2.entitlements
 ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/Info.plist
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Configs/Signing-Debug.xcconfig b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Configs/Signing-Debug.xcconfig
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2de281c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Configs/Signing-Debug.xcconfig
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Debug 签名基线：无证书即可构建（贡献者与 CI）。
+//
+// 基线是 ad-hoc（`-`）。arm64 上代码至少要有一层有效签名才会被加载，所以「免证书」
+// 不能靠不签名，只能靠 ad-hoc。ad-hoc 产物可以构建、可以跑 app、可以跑全部单测，
+// 但过不了 Scripts/packaging-gate.sh —— 那是有证书的发布门槛。
+//
+// 有证书的人（含维护者）在 Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig 里显式升级，例如：
+//
+//     DEVELOPMENT_TEAM = <10 位 Apple Developer Team ID>
+//     CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY = Developer ID Application
+//
+// 该本机文件在 .gitignore 中，不入库；CI 不需要它。
+//
+// `#include?` 必须留在最后一行：xcconfig 中后出现的赋值优先，本机文件才能盖掉
+// 上面的 ad-hoc 基线。
+CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY = -
+#include? "Signing.local.xcconfig"
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Configs/Signing-Release.xcconfig b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Configs/Signing-Release.xcconfig
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8638d43e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Configs/Signing-Release.xcconfig
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Release 签名基线：发布产物必须是 Developer ID 真签名（Hardened Runtime、公证与
+// Gatekeeper 的前提），因此这里不给免证书路径。
+//
+// Team 只能来自本机注入的 Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig（gitignore）。缺失时
+// DEVELOPMENT_TEAM 为空，Xcode 以「Signing for ... requires selecting either a
+// development team or a provisioning profile」使构建明确失败，不会静默降级成
+// ad-hoc。
+//
+// `#include?` 放在 Developer ID 之前：本机文件可以补 Team（另一个键），但不能把
+// 发布身份改成 ad-hoc 或开发证书——Release 基线在这里是硬约束，后赋值者胜。
+#include? "Signing.local.xcconfig"
+CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY = Developer ID Application
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/README.md b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/README.md
index 761429ea..57617300 100644
--- a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/README.md
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/README.md
@@ -59,8 +59,22 @@ ShadowsocksX-NG 的现代化重写版本。新工程的全部源码与构建配
 ## 签名与运行形态基线
 
 - bundle id `com.qiuyuzhou.ShadowsocksX-NG2`，与 Legacy（`com.qiuyuzhou.ShadowsocksX-NG`）区分；运行时数据落 `~/Library/Application Support/ShadowsocksX-NG2/`。macOS 15+ / arm64。
-- Hardened Runtime + Developer ID 签名（`DEVELOPMENT_TEAM` / 证书见 `project.yml`）；不启用 App Sandbox，entitlements 为空 dict。
-- 测试 target 用 Apple Development 证书签名：宿主 app 开启 Hardened Runtime 后 library validation 要求被注入的 xctest 包同 Team 签名。
+- Hardened Runtime（DevID 发布路径；免证书的 ad-hoc Debug 例外，见下）；不启用 App Sandbox，entitlements 为空 dict；签名样式固定 `Manual`。
+- **证书与 Team 都不入库**（开源仓库）：`project.yml` 不含 `CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY` / `DEVELOPMENT_TEAM`，两个键由 project xcconfig 按 config 在构建期注入：
+  - `Configs/Signing-Debug.xcconfig`（入库）基线是 **ad-hoc（`-`）**：新 clone 与 CI 不需要任何证书就能 `task build` / `task test`。arm64 要求代码至少有 ad-hoc 签名才会被加载，所以「免证书」不是「不签名」。ad-hoc 产物不带 Hardened Runtime（Xcode 对 ad-hoc 签名不传 `-o runtime`，实测；`Scripts/sign-embedded-helpers.sh` 的 ad-hoc 分支同样不加），Hardened Runtime 由 DevID 发布路径与打包门槛断言。
+  - `Configs/Signing-Release.xcconfig`（入库）基线是 **Developer ID Application**：发布产物必须真签名，这里不给免证书路径。
+  - 两者都可选包含 `Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig`（gitignore）。有证书的人（含维护者）用它升级本机身份，例如让 Debug 也走 Developer ID：
+
+    ```bash
+    cat > Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig <<'EOF'
+    DEVELOPMENT_TEAM = YOUR_TEAM_ID
+    CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY = Developer ID Application
+    EOF
+    ```
+
+  - 该文件缺失时 Debug 构建为 ad-hoc（可跑单测），Release 构建以 Xcode 的「Signing for … requires selecting either a development team or a provisioning profile」明确失败，不静默降级。
+  - 测试 target（单测与冒烟）身份随同一基线：去宿主化（ADR-0021）后 xctest 包不再注入宿主 app，ad-hoc 也能加载执行（实测），因此测试无需证书。
+  - 注意 `project.yml` 一旦重新设置这两个键，pbxproj 构建设置会盖掉 xcconfig（`Tests/Architecture/SigningConfigurationTests.swift` 守卫该约束）。
 - Release 配置关闭 `CODE_SIGN_INJECT_BASE_ENTITLEMENTS`，保证发布产物 entitlements 只来自项目文件。
 
 ## 开发、构建与测试
@@ -86,6 +100,8 @@ Scripts/fetch-external-binaries.sh
 task gen:prj
 ```
 
+无证书也能构建与跑单测：Debug 基线是 ad-hoc，不需要 `Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig`。只有要做 Developer ID 签名（发布，或让本机 Debug 产物过打包门槛）时才写该文件，内容见上节「签名与运行形态基线」。
+
 `Tests/Smoke/` 是真实进程冒烟（经 wrapper 拉起真实 sslocal 验证启动、握手、
 ACL 路由与插件监管），不在默认 `task test` 内，由独立 scheme 按需运行。
 
@@ -98,6 +114,8 @@ Scripts/packaging-gate.sh \
   .build/derivedData/Build/Products/Debug/ShadowsocksX-NG2.app
 ```
 
+打包门槛只接受 Developer ID 签名的产物：Team 期望值取自 `Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig`（可用 `EXPECTED_TEAM_ID=<Team ID>` 显式覆盖），两者都没有时该断言直接失败，不静默跳过。无证书的 ad-hoc Debug 产物会在此明确失败（`gate: hint` 会说明原因），这是预期行为。
+
 ## 代码风格工具
 
 - `swift format` 随 Xcode/Swift 工具链提供，无需单独安装（基线：Apple Swift 6.4）；SwiftLint 需 `brew install swiftlint`（基线 0.65.0）。工具缺失时，含本目录 Swift 文件的提交会被 pre-commit 钩子拒绝而不是放行。
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Scripts/packaging-gate.sh b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Scripts/packaging-gate.sh
index 7f490707..76bea276 100755
--- a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Scripts/packaging-gate.sh
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Scripts/packaging-gate.sh
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 #   4. The manifest set exactly covers every Mach-O under Contents/Helpers.
 #
 # Usage: Scripts/packaging-gate.sh path/to/ShadowsocksX-NG2.app
-#        EXPECTED_TEAM_ID overrides the pinned Team ID check.
+#        EXPECTED_TEAM_ID overrides the Team ID read from the local signing config.
 
 set -u
 
@@ -21,8 +21,20 @@ SCRIPT_DIR=$(CDPATH= cd -- "$(dirname -- "$0")" && pwd)
 
 NG2_ROOT=$(CDPATH= cd -- "$SCRIPT_DIR/.." && pwd)
 VENDOR_DIR="$NG2_ROOT/Vendor"
-# Mirrors DEVELOPMENT_TEAM in project.yml.
-EXPECTED_TEAM_ID=${EXPECTED_TEAM_ID:-S878RH3PA8}
+
+# Expected Team ID is injected, not pinned in the repo (open source). The same
+# file the build reads supplies it here: Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig
+# (gitignored). An explicit EXPECTED_TEAM_ID wins. Knowing no expected team is a
+# hard failure: an unsigned or wrong-team bundle must not pass just because
+# there is nothing to compare against.
+LOCAL_SIGNING_CONFIG="$NG2_ROOT/Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig"
+EXPECTED_TEAM_ID=${EXPECTED_TEAM_ID:-}
+if [ -z "$EXPECTED_TEAM_ID" ] && [ -f "$LOCAL_SIGNING_CONFIG" ]; then
+    EXPECTED_TEAM_ID=$(
+        sed -n 's/^[[:space:]]*DEVELOPMENT_TEAM[[:space:]]*=[[:space:]]*\([^[:space:]]*\).*/\1/p' \
+            "$LOCAL_SIGNING_CONFIG" | tail -1
+    )
+fi
 
 APP=${1:-}
 [ -n "$APP" ] || {
@@ -81,9 +93,19 @@ app_team=$(dv_value "$app_dv" TeamIdentifier)
 app_authority=$(dv_value "$app_dv" Authority)
 app_flags=$(dv_value "$app_dv" flags)
 
-[ "$app_team" = "$EXPECTED_TEAM_ID" ] ||
-    fail "main app TeamIdentifier is $EXPECTED_TEAM_ID (got: ${app_team:-none})"
+if [ -z "$EXPECTED_TEAM_ID" ]; then
+    fail "expected Team ID is known (set EXPECTED_TEAM_ID or write DEVELOPMENT_TEAM in Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig)"
+else
+    [ "$app_team" = "$EXPECTED_TEAM_ID" ] ||
+        fail "main app TeamIdentifier is $EXPECTED_TEAM_ID (got: ${app_team:-none})"
+fi
 check_devid_and_runtime "main app" "$app_dv"
+case "$app_authority" in
+    "Developer ID Application:"*) ;;
+    *)
+        echo "gate: hint  ad-hoc / non-Developer-ID artifacts come from the certificate-less Debug baseline; only a Developer ID signed release artifact can pass"
+        ;;
+esac
 
 app_entitlements=$(codesign -d --entitlements - --xml "$APP" 2>/dev/null || true)
 for forbidden in com.apple.security.app-sandbox com.apple.security.network.server; do
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Scripts/sign-embedded-helpers.sh b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Scripts/sign-embedded-helpers.sh
index 9d87b314..b3f66def 100755
--- a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Scripts/sign-embedded-helpers.sh
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Scripts/sign-embedded-helpers.sh
@@ -2,11 +2,17 @@
 # Re-sign every embedded helper binary with the Developer ID identity before
 # Xcode signs the app itself (spec #21 D6/D10).
 #
-# Upstream ships these binaries ad-hoc signed; they must carry our Developer ID
-# signature with Hardened Runtime and a stable code-signing identifier so the
-# outer app seal, notarization and Gatekeeper cover them. Xcode runs this as a
-# post-build script phase and applies the app's own signature afterwards, so
-# the outer signature embeds the re-signed nested code.
+# Upstream ships these binaries ad-hoc signed; they must carry a signature with
+# Hardened Runtime and a stable code-signing identifier so the outer app seal,
+# notarization and Gatekeeper cover them. Xcode runs this as a post-build script
+# phase and applies the app's own signature afterwards, so the outer signature
+# embeds the re-signed nested code.
+#
+# The identity comes from the build configuration: Developer ID on a release
+# build, ad-hoc ("-") on the certificate-less Debug baseline. Ad-hoc mirrors
+# Xcode's own ad-hoc signing: no secure timestamp and no Hardened Runtime (Xcode
+# omits -o runtime for ad-hoc; hardened runtime with an untrusted identity would
+# only get in the way of local debugging). The release path is unchanged.
 #
 # The identifier scheme is pinned in the manifests: <bundle-id>.<name> for
 # sslocal, <bundle-id>.plugin.<name> for SIP003 plugins.
@@ -45,7 +51,11 @@ for manifest in $manifests; do
         exit 1
     }
 
-    codesign --force --sign "$IDENTITY" --timestamp --options runtime \
-        --identifier "$identifier" "$target"
+    if [ "$IDENTITY" = "-" ]; then
+        codesign --force --sign - --identifier "$identifier" "$target"
+    else
+        codesign --force --sign "$IDENTITY" --timestamp --options runtime \
+            --identifier "$identifier" "$target"
+    fi
     echo "sign($binary): $identifier"
 done
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/Architecture/SigningConfigurationTests.swift b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/Architecture/SigningConfigurationTests.swift
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ff614bfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/Tests/Architecture/SigningConfigurationTests.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+import Foundation
+import Testing
+
+/// 签名身份注入守卫：证书与 Team 都不入库（开源仓库），由 config 基线 + 本机
+/// xcconfig 在构建期决定。
+///
+/// 这条约束容易被无声破坏：`project.yml` 一旦重新设置 `DEVELOPMENT_TEAM` 或
+/// `CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY`，pbxproj 里的构建设置会盖掉 `Configs/Signing-*.xcconfig`
+/// （Xcode 构建设置优先级，实测），注入失效却不报错。本套用例把整条链条钉住：
+/// 工程定义不碰签名键 → config 基线各自正确且本机文件能（或不能）盖掉它 →
+/// 本机文件不入库 → 供应链脚本与发布门槛跟着基线走。
+struct SigningConfigurationTests {
+  private static let ng2Root = TestSourceTree.ng2Root()
+  private static let repositoryRoot = ng2Root.deletingLastPathComponent()
+
+  /// 逐行匹配：`String.CompareOptions` 没有 `.anchorsMatchLines`，整段文本上
+  /// `^`/`$` 只锚定字符串首尾，因此把行切开再套正则。
+  private static func matchingLines(_ pattern: String, in text: String) -> [String] {
+    text.split(separator: "\n", omittingEmptySubsequences: false)
+      .filter { $0.range(of: pattern, options: .regularExpression) != nil }
+      .map(String.init)
+  }
+
+  private static func firstLineIndex(matching pattern: String, in text: String) -> Int? {
+    text.split(separator: "\n", omittingEmptySubsequences: false)
+      .firstIndex { $0.range(of: pattern, options: .regularExpression) != nil }
+  }
+
+  private static func text(_ relativePath: String) throws -> String {
+    try String(contentsOf: ng2Root.appendingPathComponent(relativePath), encoding: .utf8)
+  }
+
+  /// 只命中 YAML 键（行首为 `KEY:`），注释行以 `#` 开头，不算设置。
+  private static func yamlKeyPattern(_ key: String) -> String { #"^\s*\#(key)\s*:"# }
+
+  private static let identityAssignment = #"^\s*CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY\s*="#
+  private static let localInclude = #"^\s*#include\?\s+"Signing\.local\.xcconfig"#
+
+  @Test
+  func projectSpecDoesNotPinSigningKeys() throws {
+    let spec = try Self.text("project.yml")
+    for key in ["DEVELOPMENT_TEAM", "CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY"] {
+      let pinned = Self.matchingLines(Self.yamlKeyPattern(key), in: spec)
+      #expect(
+        pinned.isEmpty,
+        "project.yml 不得设置 \(key)（pbxproj 设置会静默盖掉 Configs/Signing-*.xcconfig，且证书/Team 不应入库）：\(pinned)"
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  func projectSpecInjectsPerConfigurationBaselines() throws {
+    let spec = try Self.text("project.yml")
+    let expected = [
+      "Debug": "Configs/Signing-Debug.xcconfig",
+      "Release": "Configs/Signing-Release.xcconfig",
+    ]
+    for (configuration, path) in expected {
+      let pattern = #"^\s*\#(configuration):\s*\#(path)\s*$"#
+      #expect(
+        !Self.matchingLines(pattern, in: spec).isEmpty,
+        "project.yml 的 configFiles 必须把 \(configuration) 挂到 \(path)")
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Debug 必须无证书可构建：基线 ad-hoc，且本机文件能把它升级成真证书。
+  @Test
+  func debugBaselineIsAdHocAndUpgradableByLocalFile() throws {
+    let config = try Self.text("Configs/Signing-Debug.xcconfig")
+    #expect(
+      Self.matchingLines(#"^\s*CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY\s*=\s*-\s*$"#, in: config).count == 1,
+      "Configs/Signing-Debug.xcconfig 必须恰好有一条 ad-hoc（-）CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY 基线")
+    let baseline = try #require(
+      Self.firstLineIndex(matching: Self.identityAssignment, in: config),
+      "Configs/Signing-Debug.xcconfig 缺少 CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY 基线")
+    let include = try #require(
+      Self.firstLineIndex(matching: Self.localInclude, in: config),
+      "Configs/Signing-Debug.xcconfig 必须包含 Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig")
+    #expect(
+      baseline < include,
+      "Debug 的 #include? 必须在 ad-hoc 基线之后：xcconfig 后赋值者胜，本机文件才能升级身份")
+  }
+
+  /// Release 必须真签名：本机文件只能补 Team，不能把发布身份改成 ad-hoc。
+  @Test
+  func releaseBaselineStaysDeveloperID() throws {
+    let config = try Self.text("Configs/Signing-Release.xcconfig")
+    let assignments = Self.matchingLines(Self.identityAssignment, in: config)
+    #expect(
+      assignments.last?.contains("Developer ID Application") == true,
+      "Configs/Signing-Release.xcconfig 最后生效的 CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY 必须是 Developer ID Application：\(assignments)"
+    )
+    let include = try #require(
+      Self.firstLineIndex(matching: Self.localInclude, in: config),
+      "Configs/Signing-Release.xcconfig 必须包含 Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig")
+    let baseline = try #require(
+      Self.firstLineIndex(matching: Self.identityAssignment, in: config),
+      "Configs/Signing-Release.xcconfig 缺少 CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY 基线")
+    #expect(include < baseline, "Release 的 #include? 必须在 Developer ID 基线之前，发布身份不被本机文件削弱")
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  func committedBaselinesDoNotPinTeamID() throws {
+    for path in ["Configs/Signing-Debug.xcconfig", "Configs/Signing-Release.xcconfig"] {
+      let config = try Self.text(path)
+      #expect(
+        Self.matchingLines(#"^\s*DEVELOPMENT_TEAM\s*="#, in: config).isEmpty,
+        "入库的 \(path) 不得固化 DEVELOPMENT_TEAM")
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  func localSigningConfigIsGitIgnored() throws {
+    let ignoreList = try String(
+      contentsOf: Self.repositoryRoot.appendingPathComponent(".gitignore"), encoding: .utf8)
+    #expect(
+      ignoreList.contains("ShadowsocksX-NG2/Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig"),
+      ".gitignore 必须忽略 Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig（本机证书/Team 不入库）")
+  }
+
+  /// 嵌套二进制重签必须跟着基线走：ad-hoc 构建没有 secure timestamp。
+  @Test
+  func embeddedHelperSigningHandlesAdHocIdentity() throws {
+    let script = try Self.text("Scripts/sign-embedded-helpers.sh")
+    #expect(
+      !Self.matchingLines(#"--sign -"#, in: script).isEmpty,
+      "sign-embedded-helpers.sh 必须有无证书（ad-hoc）分支，否则 Debug 基线无法封套嵌套二进制")
+  }
+
+  /// 发布门槛的 Team 期望值同样不许写死：只能取自同一个注入文件或显式环境变量。
+  @Test
+  func packagingGateDerivesTeamIDFromInjectedConfig() throws {
+    let gate = try Self.text("Scripts/packaging-gate.sh")
+    #expect(
+      gate.contains("Signing.local.xcconfig"),
+      "packaging-gate.sh 必须从 Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig 读取期望 Team ID")
+    #expect(
+      Self.matchingLines(#":-[A-Z0-9]{10}\}"#, in: gate).isEmpty,
+      "packaging-gate.sh 不得给 Team ID 留 10 位写死的默认值")
+  }
+}
diff --git a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/project.yml b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/project.yml
index 024446b6..f98e9b52 100644
--- a/ShadowsocksX-NG2/project.yml
+++ b/ShadowsocksX-NG2/project.yml
@@ -13,12 +13,22 @@ settings:
     # 自动抽取会在 IDE 构建时膨胀文件（2026-10-04 #81 验收时实测）。
     LOCALIZED_STRING_SWIFTUI_SUPPORT: NO
     CODE_SIGN_STYLE: Manual
-    DEVELOPMENT_TEAM: S878RH3PA8
     ENABLE_HARDENED_RUNTIME: YES
   configs:
     Release:
       # 发布基线：签名 entitlements 必须只来自项目 entitlements 文件（保持最小）。
       CODE_SIGN_INJECT_BASE_ENTITLEMENTS: NO
+# 签名身份注入：证书与 Team 都不入库（开源仓库；写死会让 fork 与贡献者的构建去
+# 找维护者的证书）。Debug 基线是 ad-hoc，无证书即可构建并跑单测；Release 基线是
+# Developer ID，发布产物必须真签名。两者的本机 Team / 身份都来自 gitignore 的
+# Configs/Signing.local.xcconfig，见 Configs/Signing-Debug.xcconfig 与
+# Configs/Signing-Release.xcconfig。
+# 所有 target 一律不设置 CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY：pbxproj 构建设置优先于 project
+# xcconfig，写在 target 上会静默盖掉两个基线（实测）。该约束由
+# Tests/Architecture/SigningConfigurationTests.swift 守卫。
+configFiles:
+  Debug: Configs/Signing-Debug.xcconfig
+  Release: Configs/Signing-Release.xcconfig
 targets:
   ShadowsocksX-NG2:
     type: application
@@ -110,7 +120,6 @@ targets:
         # 共享 Products 目录，重名会互相覆盖；app 可执行自身不 import 任何
         # 消费方，改名零影响。
         PRODUCT_MODULE_NAME: ShadowsocksX_NG2App
-        CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY: "Developer ID Application"
         ASSETCATALOG_COMPILER_APPICON_NAME: AppIcon
         MARKETING_VERSION: "2.0.0"
         # 必须 > 旧版 1.x 已发布构建的 CFBundleVersion（始终为 1），保证 build 号严格递增。
@@ -194,7 +203,6 @@ targets:
       base:
         PRODUCT_NAME: ShadowsocksX-NG2Agent
         PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER: com.qiuyuzhou.ShadowsocksX-NG2.agent
-        CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY: "Developer ID Application"
   ShadowsocksX-NG2SystemProxyHelper:
     type: tool
     platform: macOS
@@ -213,7 +221,6 @@ targets:
       base:
         PRODUCT_NAME: ShadowsocksX-NG2SystemProxyHelper
         PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER: com.qiuyuzhou.ShadowsocksX-NG2.systemproxy.helper
-        CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY: "Developer ID Application"
   ShadowsocksX-NG2Tests:
     type: bundle.unit-test
     platform: macOS
@@ -229,9 +236,9 @@ targets:
     settings:
       base:
         PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER: com.qiuyuzhou.ShadowsocksX-NG2.Tests
-        # 必须与宿主 app 同 Team 签名：Hardened Runtime 的 library validation 拒绝
-        # 加载不同 Team ID 的非平台库，ad-hoc（"-"）签名的 xctest 包无法注入。
-        CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY: "Apple Development"
+        # 身份随 config 基线走（Debug ad-hoc / Release DevID，见 configFiles）：
+        # 去宿主化（ADR 0021）后 xctest 包不再注入宿主 app，ad-hoc 可加载执行
+        # （实测），因此测试不再需要证书，CI 无需签名密钥。
     info:
       path: Tests/Info.plist
       properties: {}
@@ -250,8 +257,7 @@ targets:
     settings:
       base:
         PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER: com.qiuyuzhou.ShadowsocksX-NG2.SmokeTests
-        # 同 Team 签名理由同 ShadowsocksX-NG2Tests。
-        CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY: "Apple Development"
+        # 身份理由同 ShadowsocksX-NG2Tests：随 config 基线，Debug 无证书可跑。
     info:
       path: Tests/Smoke/Info.plist
       properties: {}