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Update 设计模式 - 观察者.md

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重新绘制配图。
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CyC2018
2026-10-26 22:04:24 +08:00
parent 8a00700a5f
commit 57cd3deb9c
5 changed files with 115 additions and 2 deletions
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notes/pics/observer-intent.png
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notes/设计模式 - 观察者.md
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主题（Subject）是被观察的对象，而其所有依赖者（Observer）称为观察者。
<div align="center"> <img src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/7a3c6a30-c735-4edb-8115-337288a4f0f2.jpg" width="600"/> </div><br>
<div align="center"> <img src="pics/observer-intent.png" width="740px"/> </div><br>
### Class Diagram
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
天气数据布告板会在天气信息发生改变时更新其内容，布告板有多个，并且在将来会继续增加。
<div align="center"> <img src="https://cs-notes-1256109796.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/b1df9732-86ce-4d69-9f06-fba1db7b3b5a.jpg"/> </div><br>
<div align="center"> <img src="pics/observer-run.png" width="740px"/> </div><br>
```java
public interface Subject {
tools/diagram/src/observer-intent.svg
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="740" height="290" viewBox="0 0 740 290">
<style>
text { font-family: "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; fill: #3F3F3F; font-size: 12px; }
.title { font-weight: bold; font-size: 15px; fill: #333; text-anchor: middle; }
.b { font-weight: bold; }
.c { text-anchor: middle; }
.e { text-anchor: end; }
.sub { font-size: 11px; fill: #6E6E6E; }
.note { fill: #C0605A; }
.ok { fill: #6A9F68; }
.mono { font-family: Menlo, Consolas, monospace; }
.arrow { stroke: #555; stroke-width: 1.1; fill: none; marker-end: url(#a); }
.red { stroke: #C0605A; marker-end: url(#r); }
.green { stroke: #6A9F68; marker-end: url(#g); }
.dash { stroke-dasharray: 5 4; }
.line { stroke: #555; stroke-width: 1.1; fill: none; }
.frame { fill: none; stroke: #999; stroke-width: 1; stroke-dasharray: 4 3; }
.shadow { fill: #DADADA; }
</style>
<defs>
<marker id="a" viewBox="0 0 10 10" refX="9" refY="5" markerWidth="7" markerHeight="7" orient="auto-start-reverse">
<path d="M1,1.5 L9.5,5 L1,8.5 z" fill="#555"/>
</marker>
<marker id="r" viewBox="0 0 10 10" refX="9" refY="5" markerWidth="7" markerHeight="7" orient="auto-start-reverse">
<path d="M1,1.5 L9.5,5 L1,8.5 z" fill="#C0605A"/>
</marker>
<marker id="g" viewBox="0 0 10 10" refX="9" refY="5" markerWidth="7" markerHeight="7" orient="auto-start-reverse">
<path d="M1,1.5 L9.5,5 L1,8.5 z" fill="#6A9F68"/>
</marker>
</defs>
<rect width="100%" height="100%" fill="#FFFFFF"/>
<text x="370" y="28" class="title">观察者：一个主题，多个观察者</text>
<rect x="40" y="80" width="220" height="82" rx="4" fill="#C6ECE9" stroke="#7DBCB7"/>
<text x="150" y="98" class="c sub b" style="fill:#444">WeatherData（主题）</text>
<line x1="40" y1="106" x2="260" y2="106" stroke="#7DBCB7"/>
<text x="48" y="122" class="sub mono" style="fill:#444">registerObserver(o)</text>
<text x="48" y="140" class="sub mono" style="fill:#444">removeObserver(o)</text>
<text x="48" y="158" class="sub mono" style="fill:#444">notifyObserver()</text>
<text x="150" y="186" class="c sub mono">observers = [布告板 1, 布告板 2]</text>
<rect x="450" y="56" width="250" height="46" rx="4" fill="#C6E4FB" stroke="#7FB2D6"/>
<text x="575" y="74" class="c sub b" style="fill:#444">CurrentConditionsDisplay</text>
<line x1="450" y1="82" x2="700" y2="82" stroke="#7FB2D6"/>
<text x="458" y="98" class="sub mono" style="fill:#444">update(temp, humidity, pressure)</text>
<line x1="262" y1="120" x2="446" y2="82" class="arrow "/>
<rect x="450" y="126" width="250" height="46" rx="4" fill="#C6E4FB" stroke="#7FB2D6"/>
<text x="575" y="144" class="c sub b" style="fill:#444">StatisticsDisplay</text>
<line x1="450" y1="152" x2="700" y2="152" stroke="#7FB2D6"/>
<text x="458" y="168" class="sub mono" style="fill:#444">update(temp, humidity, pressure)</text>
<line x1="262" y1="120" x2="446" y2="152" class="arrow "/>
<rect x="450" y="196" width="250" height="46" rx="4" fill="#FFFFFF" stroke="#BBBBBB"/>
<text x="575" y="214" class="c sub b" style="fill:#444">以后新增的布告板</text>
<line x1="450" y1="222" x2="700" y2="222" stroke="#BBBBBB"/>
<text x="458" y="238" class="sub mono" style="fill:#444">update(temp, humidity, pressure)</text>
<line x1="262" y1="120" x2="446" y2="222" class="arrow dash"/>
<text x="354" y="76" class="c sub" style="fill:#296898">状态改变时逐个调用 update</text>
<text x="30" y="262" class="sub">主题只依赖 Observer 接口，不知道具体有哪些布告板；新增布告板时只需要调用 registerObserver 注册，主题的代码不用改。</text>
</svg>
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tools/diagram/src/observer-run.svg
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="740" height="300" viewBox="0 0 740 300">
<style>
text { font-family: "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; fill: #3F3F3F; font-size: 12px; }
.title { font-weight: bold; font-size: 15px; fill: #333; text-anchor: middle; }
.b { font-weight: bold; }
.c { text-anchor: middle; }
.e { text-anchor: end; }
.sub { font-size: 11px; fill: #6E6E6E; }
.note { fill: #C0605A; }
.ok { fill: #6A9F68; }
.mono { font-family: Menlo, Consolas, monospace; }
.arrow { stroke: #555; stroke-width: 1.1; fill: none; marker-end: url(#a); }
.red { stroke: #C0605A; marker-end: url(#r); }
.green { stroke: #6A9F68; marker-end: url(#g); }
.dash { stroke-dasharray: 5 4; }
.line { stroke: #555; stroke-width: 1.1; fill: none; }
.frame { fill: none; stroke: #999; stroke-width: 1; stroke-dasharray: 4 3; }
.shadow { fill: #DADADA; }
</style>
<defs>
<marker id="a" viewBox="0 0 10 10" refX="9" refY="5" markerWidth="7" markerHeight="7" orient="auto-start-reverse">
<path d="M1,1.5 L9.5,5 L1,8.5 z" fill="#555"/>
</marker>
<marker id="r" viewBox="0 0 10 10" refX="9" refY="5" markerWidth="7" markerHeight="7" orient="auto-start-reverse">
<path d="M1,1.5 L9.5,5 L1,8.5 z" fill="#C0605A"/>
</marker>
<marker id="g" viewBox="0 0 10 10" refX="9" refY="5" markerWidth="7" markerHeight="7" orient="auto-start-reverse">
<path d="M1,1.5 L9.5,5 L1,8.5 z" fill="#6A9F68"/>
</marker>
</defs>
<rect width="100%" height="100%" fill="#FFFFFF"/>
<text x="370" y="28" class="title">setMeasurements(1, 1, 1) 之后发生了什么</text>
<rect x="30" y="46" width="160" height="30" rx="6" fill="#EAE9E7" stroke="#BFBEBA"/>
<text x="110" y="65.5" class="c sub b">WeatherStation</text>
<line x1="110" y1="78" x2="110" y2="250" stroke="#BBB" stroke-dasharray="4 4"/>
<rect x="220" y="46" width="160" height="30" rx="6" fill="#C6ECE9" stroke="#7DBCB7"/>
<text x="300" y="65.5" class="c sub b">WeatherData</text>
<line x1="300" y1="78" x2="300" y2="250" stroke="#BBB" stroke-dasharray="4 4"/>
<rect x="400" y="46" width="160" height="30" rx="6" fill="#C6E4FB" stroke="#7FB2D6"/>
<text x="480" y="65.5" class="c sub b">CurrentConditionsDisplay</text>
<line x1="480" y1="78" x2="480" y2="250" stroke="#BBB" stroke-dasharray="4 4"/>
<rect x="570" y="46" width="160" height="30" rx="6" fill="#C6E4FB" stroke="#7FB2D6"/>
<text x="650" y="65.5" class="c sub b">StatisticsDisplay</text>
<line x1="650" y1="78" x2="650" y2="250" stroke="#BBB" stroke-dasharray="4 4"/>
<line x1="110" y1="104" x2="300" y2="104" class="arrow "/>
<text x="205" y="98" class="c sub mono" style="fill:#444">setMeasurements(1, 1, 1)</text>
<path d="M300,126 h26 v18 h-24" class="arrow"/>
<text x="332" y="140" class="sub mono" style="fill:#444">notifyObserver()</text>
<line x1="300" y1="170" x2="480" y2="170" class="arrow "/>
<text x="390" y="164" class="c sub mono" style="fill:#444">update(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)</text>
<line x1="300" y1="210" x2="650" y2="210" class="arrow "/>
<text x="515" y="204" class="c sub mono" style="fill:#444">update(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)</text>
<text x="30" y="276" class="sub">实际输出：CurrentConditionsDisplay.update: 1.0 1.0 1.0，接着是 StatisticsDisplay.update: 1.0 1.0 1.0，顺序与注册的顺序相同。</text>
</svg>
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