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Update 消息队列.md

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补充消费者组与分区分配的示意图。
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CyC2018
2026-10-25 19:34:20 +08:00
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commit b91f974dac
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notes/pics/consumer-group.png
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notes/消息队列.md
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Kafka、RocketMQ 等通过消费者组把两种模型结合起来：一条消息会发送给每个订阅它的消费者组，但在一个消费者组内只会被一个消费者消费。
<div align="center"> <img src="pics/consumer-group.png" width="560px"/> </div><br>
发布与订阅模式和观察者模式有以下不同：
- 观察者模式中，观察者和主题都知道对方的存在；而在发布与订阅模式中，生产者与消费者不知道对方的存在，它们之间通过频道进行通信。
tools/diagram/src/consumer-group.svg
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="620" height="330" viewBox="0 0 620 330">
<style>
text { font-family: "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; fill: #666; font-size: 12px; }
.title { font-weight: bold; font-size: 15px; fill: #777; text-anchor: middle; }
.b { font-weight: bold; }
.c { text-anchor: middle; }
.e { text-anchor: end; }
.note { fill: #C0605A; }
.ok { fill: #6A9F68; }
.sub { font-size: 11px; fill: #888; }
.mono { font-family: Menlo, Consolas, monospace; }
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.red { stroke: #C0605A; marker-end: url(#r); }
.green { stroke: #6A9F68; marker-end: url(#g); }
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.line { stroke: #666; stroke-width: 1.3; fill: none; }
.frame { fill: none; stroke: #999; stroke-width: 1; stroke-dasharray: 4 3; }
.shadow { fill: #C0C0C0; }
</style>
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<path d="M1,1 L9,5 L1,9" fill="none" stroke="#666" stroke-width="1.6"/>
</marker>
<marker id="r" viewBox="0 0 10 10" refX="9" refY="5" markerWidth="7" markerHeight="7" orient="auto-start-reverse">
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<rect width="100%" height="100%" fill="#FFFFFF"/>
<text x="310" y="28" class="title">消费者组</text>
<rect x="235" y="58" width="150" height="210" rx="8" class="frame"/>
<text x="245" y="76" class="b">Topic</text>
<rect x="258" y="95" width="110" height="36" rx="6" class="shadow"/>
<rect x="255" y="92" width="110" height="36" rx="6" fill="#B1DDF0"/>
<text x="310" y="114.5" class="b c">分区 0</text>
<rect x="258" y="150" width="110" height="36" rx="6" class="shadow"/>
<rect x="255" y="147" width="110" height="36" rx="6" fill="#B1DDF0"/>
<text x="310" y="169.5" class="b c">分区 1</text>
<rect x="258" y="205" width="110" height="36" rx="6" class="shadow"/>
<rect x="255" y="202" width="110" height="36" rx="6" fill="#B1DDF0"/>
<text x="310" y="224.5" class="b c">分区 2</text>
<rect x="20" y="58" width="160" height="210" rx="8" class="frame"/>
<text x="30" y="76" class="b">消费者组 A</text>
<rect x="43" y="110" width="110" height="36" rx="6" class="shadow"/>
<rect x="40" y="107" width="110" height="36" rx="6" fill="#B0E3E6"/>
<text x="95" y="129.5" class="b c">A1</text>
<rect x="43" y="190" width="110" height="36" rx="6" class="shadow"/>
<rect x="40" y="187" width="110" height="36" rx="6" fill="#B0E3E6"/>
<text x="95" y="209.5" class="b c">A2</text>
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<text x="450" y="68" class="b">消费者组 B</text>
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<rect x="465" y="77" width="110" height="36" rx="6" fill="#B0E3E6"/>
<text x="520" y="99.5" class="b c">B1</text>
<rect x="468" y="135" width="110" height="36" rx="6" class="shadow"/>
<rect x="465" y="132" width="110" height="36" rx="6" fill="#B0E3E6"/>
<text x="520" y="154.5" class="b c">B2</text>
<rect x="468" y="190" width="110" height="36" rx="6" class="shadow"/>
<rect x="465" y="187" width="110" height="36" rx="6" fill="#B0E3E6"/>
<text x="520" y="209.5" class="b c">B3</text>
<rect x="468" y="245" width="110" height="36" rx="6" class="shadow"/>
<rect x="465" y="242" width="110" height="36" rx="6" fill="#E6E6E6"/>
<text x="520" y="258" class="b c">B4</text>
<text x="520" y="273" class="sub c">空闲</text>
<line x1="370" y1="110" x2="460" y2="95" class="arrow "/>
<line x1="370" y1="165" x2="460" y2="150" class="arrow "/>
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<text x="310" y="300" class="c">同一个组内，每个分区只分配给一个消费者</text>
<text x="310" y="318" class="c sub">每个组都会收到 Topic 的全部消息</text>
</svg>
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